History of IVAN
                        In November 2007 in the southeastern corner of California, in the border county of the
                        Imperial Valley, a small group of residents and a handful of Department of Toxic Substances
                        Control (DTSC) employees led by Comite Civico del Valle (CCV) piled into a school bus to take a
                        tour of the Imperial Valley region, where California Environmental Protection Agency (CalEPA)
                        has designated residents at high risk for environmental toxicity. The purpose of this trip was to
                        visit multiple environmental hazard sites located throughout the region, as identified by
                        concerned community members. After the tour, participants attended a workshop to
                        collaborate and develop solutions to address environmental hazards affecting their lives.
                        
                        Between 2007-2010, a total of eight government-sponsored Toxic Bus Tours and
                        workshops took place in the Imperial Valley, a predominately Hispanic community with a low
                        employment rate. A direct outcome of these collaborations was the conception of the
                        Identifying Violations Affecting Neighborhoods (IVAN) model. The development and
                        implementation of the IVAN model marks a turning point in environmental justice regulation
                        history. The IVAN model is reshaping how vulnerable communities protect, and in the process,
                        reclaim their environment that has been systematically disregarded as a sacrifice zone.